The ethical actions are important because of the priority of the mission goal and their close relationship with SOCIAL progress and development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identification and SOCIAL analysis of these types of actions among the verses of revelation and it deals with the effect of ethical actions in the production of SOCIAL capital in the process of progress based on religious teachings and answers these questions based on the Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on the formation of SOCIAL progress? How do moral actions generate SOCIAL capital and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are the effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in the development of SOCIAL interactions have been SOCIALly studied, analyzed and searched by using the inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving others, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with SOCIAL supervision have been discussed, which lead to sincerity, togetherness, coherence and expansion of SOCIAL interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes the production of SOCIAL capital and its improvement and will lead to the density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.

Introduction: Hysterectomy is one of the common gynecological operations in women, which operation is accompanied by several postoperative complications and gives birth to many anxieties and troubles in patients. Such an operation may cause disorder in female roles and their sexual identity and, finally, complicates their ADAPTATION process. Purpose of this study was determined of the effect of applying problem-solving skill on SOCIAL ADAPTATION in post-hysterectomy women.Methods: the present research was a semi-experimental study with the “Pretest - Posttest” plan.Sample size consists of 60 women who underwent hysterectomy surgery operation in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah in 2013-2014 selected on availability basis and were put in study and control groups in a random allocation style. In control group, intervention was done on the basis of applying problem-solving skill in 6-member groups for the period of 6 sessions, but routine care method was used in control group. SOCIAL-ADAPTATION Inventory was filled before intervention and then one month after intervention through self-reporting method. Data analysis was performed with the help of SPSS, Descriptive Statistics, and Chi-Square, Paired Samples T Test and Independent T Test.Results: results represented that 60 percent of reported units in age group 41-50 were at the educational level of high school diploma or below it, 96.6 percent were households, 92.4 had husband, and 60 percent were not in menopausal period. Comparison of the average score of SOCIAL ADAPTATION in both groups before and after intervention did not prove existence of significant difference (t=-0.04, p=0.96), while after intervention the SOCIAL ADAPTATION score was 69.5±2.4 in study group and 139.5±4.2 in control group that the difference was significant in terms of statistics (t=-86.5, P<0.001).Conclusion: SOCIAL ADAPTATION is subject to change in post-hysterectomy patients and we may help them via applying problem-solving skill to improve their SOCIAL ADAPTATION.

Climate change is the biggest ecological and SOCIAL challenge of the current century, which is worth sociological investigation. The purpose of this article is to present general perspectives and highlights regarding sociological approaches concerning ADAPTATION to climate change. The study investigated SOCIAL approaches based on ADAPTATION with perspectives of sociological research on the drivers of climate change and its consequences. The results were classified in the form of sociological approaches in three scales: macro, medium, and micro. The results showed that structural, institutional, and SOCIAL ADAPTATION measures are three important options for reducing vulnerability and increasing ADAPTATION capacity. In addition, measures associated with ADAPTATION to climate change to reduce present and future vulnerabilities are under three elements; Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive Capacity. Government solutions to correct climate injustices are still unclear from the perspective of SOCIAL justice, and there are still many questions that require further study.

Background: Mentally retarded children impose an extra stress on their parents especially on mothers. Coping skills can be used by parents to relieve stress and to improve ADAPTATION.Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of teaching on SOCIAL ADAPTATION in mothers of educable mentally- retarded children based on Roy ADAPTATION theory.Materials and Methods: This quasi - experimental study was carried out on 40 mothers of educable mentally retarded children referred to the exceptional school in Aran and Bidgol during 2010- 11. Intervention was consisted of four two - hour sessions, supplemented by a 30-minute conversation between the interviewer and the candidate occurred within 2 weeks.Coping skills program was based on the dimensions of Roy theory. Questionnaire on ADAPTATION was completed before and 6 weeks after the completion of intervention by the participants.Results: The mean scores for SOCIAL ADAPTATION in mothers of mentally retarded children in physiological, self- concept, dependence/independence, role-playing dimensions and total SOCIAL ADAPTATION before and after the training showed a significant difference (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to the results of the study, teaching based on the Roy theory has a positive effect on SOCIAL ADAPTATION in mothers of mentally retarded children.

Introduction: Alternative punishments of imprisonment, which are called as a new approach of the penal system to fight against the negative consequences of prison, have many effects and consequences that need to be investigated. Therefore, in this study, while examining the types of alternative punishments, the moral and SOCIAL effects of the implementation of these punishments have been explored. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted using an analytical-descriptive method. In this study, in order to provide an appropriate answer to the question presented, by referring to the theoretical bases (books) and articles published in the ISC, Magiran, Civilica, SID and Ensani in the years 2011 to 2023 and with the method of extracting the existing legal provisions, the effectiveness of this type of punishment was also criticized in reaching the intended goals. Conclusion: The results of this study show that with the implementation of such punishments, the level of public trust, the growth of morals and SOCIAL capital in the society will also improve. Therefore, the implementation of these punishments, while reducing the criminal population of prisoners and reforming them, provides better implementation of SOCIAL justice and improvement of public trust, emotional and financial support for the families of criminals

Introduction: Children's intellectual disability is a worrying factor for ADAPTATION that families face in different societies. present study with the aim of determining the impact of the impact of Roy theory on SOCIAL adjustment of mothers of these children. Methods: The present study was experimental design with pre-test and post-test design and two groups (case and control) on 50 mothers of Children's intellectual disability 6-14 in Gonbad-Kavoos city in 96 years. Sampling was done randomly. The mothers were divided into two groups of intervention and control and completed the demographic and Bell( Bell adjustment questionnaires). The intervention group completed 8 training(based on the Roy theory) sessions of 45 minutes. Two months later, both groups completed the questionnaires again. Results: The mean and standard deviation of ADAPTATION in the experimental group before intervention 20. 44 ± 9. 9 and 21. 4 ± 8. 96 after intervention, the control group before intervention was 22. 64 ± 9. 12 and after intervention 23. 2 ± 7. 79. Independent t-test between two groups, before intervention, P = 0. 55 and after intervention, P = 0. 14 showed no significant difference. T-test before and after intervention in the test group (P = 0/48) and control group (P = 0/57) did not show any significant difference. The covariance test with the elimination of the pre-test effect between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention. Mean difference Did not show any significant difference (P = 0. 16). With an Eta of 0. 04, only %0. 04 of the intervention affected. Conclusions: IN the study, the training based on the Roy theory did not effect on SOCIAL ADAPTATION of mothers of children with intellectual disability.

This paper examines the liberal society that Popper lauds, that aims to be truly open, and discusses why another, more communitarian kind of society, particularly societies in Africa, may also reflect the quest for intellectual openness that is Popper’s ideal. Moreover, this paper avers reasons why Popper should be comfortable with such a liberal-communitarian mix. The inter-subjectivity in his critical rationalism is a balance of an explicit individualism, and an implicit SOCIAL element (Afisi, 2016a). Popper is indeed an author of such a balance. For a society to be truly open requires the careful recognition and protection of individual freedom. However, the extent to which individuals are free to perform actions that they desire without external constraints, and the level of their individuality in relation to others when performing such actions, remain a contentious issue between liberals and more communitarian thinkers. Popper’s critical rationalism provides the necessary impetus to this contention through his view of freedom that I contend can best be viewed as carefully balanced, a view which combines individuality with a SOCIAL element that upholds community values necessary for openness of society. With this combination, Popper’s politics of liberalism provides an effective model of how a truly open society can be achieved. The values inherent to Popper’s liberalism including those concerning intellectual openness, individual freedom, mutual respect, measured self-respect, welfarism, humanitarianism, accountability, critical debates and feedback from the citizens, together concern the conditions for a society to be truly open. There are many competing thoughts as to what openness might be in Popper’s philosophy. The present study of Popper does not presume to address them all. The focus here is specifically on using Popper’s idea of critical rationalism to balance relations between liberal politics of individual rights and freedom, and communitarian politics of the common good, as it relates to situations about how socio-economic and political conditions in Africa societies should be structured. While I contend that Popper’s works in political philosophy focused centrally on Western political tradition, and not about Africa in its strict sense, significant lessons can be distilled from Popper that can offer suggestions on SOCIAL reforms in Africa. This paper explores Popper’s project of the open society across the plurality and differences of societies, so that his liberal ideas of individual freedom are not undermined, and the progress of the communitarian idea of the common good, that Africa societies are built upon, is also well enhanced. Liberal individualism and community values inherent to communitarianism are both well accommodated within Popper’s critical rationalism.